FOOTNOTES FOR CHAPTERS FIVE AND SIX

 

139. Stuart, David: "Testimonios sobre la guerra durante el Clasico

                              Maya,"(Testimony About Warfare During the Classic Maya    

                              Period); in Arqueologia Mexicana, vol. VI, nu. 32, July-August                               1998. pps.6-13. quote p. 8.

 

140. Paz, Octavio: El laberinto de la soledad y otras obras(The Labyrinth of

                              Solitude and Other Works);

                              From "Postscript" pps. 249-253.

 

141. "Testimonios sobre la guerra durante el Classico Maya,"; p. 12

 

142. Wagner, Sally R.: "The Iroquois Influence on Women's Rights," in Akwe:kon

                               Journal (Northeast Indian Quarterly); vol IX, nu. 1, Spring

                               1992. pps. 4-15.

 

143. Andrews, Anthony: "El comercio maritimo de los mayas del

                               posclasico,"Maritime Commerce Among the Post-Classic

                               Maya) in Arqueologia Mexicana, Navegacion Maya; vol.VI, 

                               nu.33, 1998. pps. 16-23. quote p. 19.

 

144. From the mid 19th century onwards, the Maya were romanticized in

        both English and Spanish prose, as part of the craze for "lost utopias."

 

145. Nuestros Paisanos Los Indios; pps. 170.

 

146. Wilford, John Noble: "Live By the Pen, Die By the Sword," in The New York

                                          Times, Science Supplement; Tuesday July 17, 2001,

                                           pps. F1-F2. quote p. F2.

 

147. Velazquez, Adriana: "El juego de pelota de Chichen Itza,"(The Sacred Ball-

                                          Game of Chichen Itza); in Arqueologia Mexicana,

                                          vol. VIII, nu. 44, July-August 2000.

                                          pps. 46-47. quote p. 46.

 

148. Johansson, Patrick K.: "La Fete in Amerique Latin,"(The Festival in Latin  

                                        America); in Caravelle:Cahiers du Monde Luso   

                                        Brasilien; nu. 73, 1999. pps. 11-25. quote 17.

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                         101

 

149. Escalada, Xavier: Guadelupe: Arte y Esplendor(Virgin of Guadelupe: Art

                                     and Splendour); Enciclopedia Guadalupana, Mexico City,  

                                     1991. (including Nahuatl-Spanish text from 16th century:

                                     "Nican Mopohua"). p. 17.

 

150. Even today in Central America, the macaw feathers signify

        pompousness and conceit; in the Mexican valley, on the other hand,

        they represent pride. The Aztec-Maya divide remains.        

 

151. "El juego de pelota en Chichen Itza,"; p. 46.

 

152. Aveni, Anthony F.: "Venus and the Maya," in American Scientist; vol. 67,

                                       May-June 1979. pps. 274-285. quote p. 284.

 

153. Malinche's Conquest; pps. 151-152.

 

154. Malinche's Conquest; p. 152.

 

155. Ruiz, Don Miguel: Los cuatro acuerdos-un libro de la sabiduria tolteca(Four

                                     Paths-A Book of Toltec Wisdom); (translated by L.

                                     Hernandez), Amber Allen Publishing,

                                     California, 1999. p. 23.

 

 156. On a research visit to the site of Cacaxtla, Tlaxcalla Province, Mexico,          in October 2001, I was impressed by the emphasis  placed on

         Maya-Tlaxcallan cultural interchange, breaking the stereotype of  

         Mesoamerican cultures as being insular and isolationist.

 

 157. De Vos, Jan: "Resena de los levantamientos-el mundo maya

                                rebelde,"(Summary of the Uprisings-The Rebellious Maya

                                World); in Arqueologia Mexicana, vol. VI, nu. 32,

                                July-August 1998. p. 68.

 

  158. Krausz, Enrique: "El profeta de los Indios"(The Prophet of the Indians);

                                   in Letras Libres, Year I, nu. 1, January 1999. pps.10-19.

 

  159. Malinche's Conquest; pps. 56-57.

 

  160. Graulich, Michel: " El Rey Solar en Mesoamerica,"(The Solar King in

                                       Central America); in Arqueologia Mexicana, ibid,

                                       pps. 14-21. quote p. 17.

 

   

                                                        102

 

161. Similar folk beliefs permeate the works of contemporary Caribbean

            writers, re:

            Nolla, Olga: El castillo de la memoria (The Castle of Memory); Alfaguara

            Publishers,Mexico City, 1996. (This Puerto Rican author deals

            extensively with the influence of popular folklore, both Spanish and 

            Amerindian, on colonial life in the Americas.)

 

162. Friedel, David & Schele, Linda & Parker, Joyce:

            El Cosmos Maya: 3,000 anos por la senda de los chamanes (Maya

            Cosmos: 3,000 Years on the Shaman's Path); (translated by J. Santana),

            Fonda de Cultura Economica, Mexico City, 1999. p. 50.

 

163. Florescario, Enrique: " El texto maya mas antiguo sobre la creacion del

                                                cosmos" (The Most Ancient Maya Text About the

                                                Creation of the Cosmos); in Saber Ver, Epoch 2,

                                                Year I, nu. 2, July-August 1999. pps. 36-39.

                                                quote p. 39.

 

164. Coe, Michael: Breaking the Maya Code;  p. 100.

 

165. Sullivan, John: "Un dialogo sobre la congregacion en Tlaxcalla"(Notes

                                      on the Theme of Community in Tlaxcalla, Mexico); in

                                      Colonial Latin American Review; vol. 18, nu. 1,

                                      June 1999. pps. 35-60. quote pps. 43-44.

 

166. Kelemen, Pal: Medieval American Art; p. 177.

                                       

                                    Kelemen observes:

                                       

                                    " The Maya were the only people of Medieval America

                                    who developed a distinct artistic idiom for each material.

                                    In their best works, they made full use of the monumental                                     possibilities in stone, the modulation inherent in clay, the

                                    shapes slumbering in a raw piece of cloudy jade...."            

                       

 167. This may be observed on the Internet site of the Maya World Studies

               Center, Merida, Yucatan. "Lintel 16," a masterpiece of Maya carving,

               appears in detail on:

               www.maya calendar.com

 

      

 

                                                                103

       

 

 

168. Inomata, Takeshi: "The Power and the Ideology of Artistic Creation: 

                                              Elite Craft Specialists in Classic Maya Society"; in

                                              Current Anthropology; vol. 42, nu. 3, June 2001.

                                              pps. 321-349. quote p. 332.

 

 

169. Merino, Albert: Los simbolos percolombinos

                                (Pre-Columbian Symbols); Editorial

                                Obelisco, Barcelona, 1969. pps. 79-80.

 

170. Espinosa, Gregory Corzo: Chiapas, o la geografia mitica (Chiapas:

                                        Mythical Geography); Editores Leon de la Rosa,

                                        Chiapas, 1999. p. 101.

 

171. Carrasco, David: Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of Empire; University of

                                    Chicago Press,1982. pps. 85-88.

 

172. El cosmos maya: 3,000 anos por la senda de los chamanes; p. 43.

 

173. Deyermond, Alan: Epic Poetry and the Clergy-Studies on the

                                             “Mocedades de Rodrigo"; Tamesis Publishers,

                                             London, 1969. pps. 62-67.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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